Doc browns gcse 91 igcseo level ks4 sciencechemistry revision notes. Describe the concept of homologous series as a family of similar compounds with similar chemical properties due to the presence of the same. Homologous series a group of molecules with similar physical and chemical properties, the same general formula and the same functional group albeit with trends e. The table shows some information about three members of a homologous series. All the compounds in part a belong to the same homologous series and have the. Detailed revision notes on the topic homologous series. The compounds in a homologous series should have 1 similar chemical formulas 2 similar chemical properties 3 physical properties that show a gradual change or trend based on the differences in their formulas for example, you could look at boiling points of h2o, h2s, and h2se and then explain the difference with a discussion of intermolecular. Gcse igcse o level introduction to organic chemistry why so many homologous series of organic compounds. In chemistry, a homologous series is a group of compounds that share the same basic chemical makeup, but differ in the number of iterations of a certain aspect of their structure. A homologous series is a family of hydrocarbons with similar chemical properties who share the same general formula. The members of a homologous series have similar chemical properties. Homologous series examples, answers, activities, experiment. Every chromosome pair represents a set of homologous chromosomes.
The characteristics of a homologous series, a series of compounds containing the same functional group. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. Describe the general characteristics of an homologous series. Characteristics of homologous series carbon compound youtube. Homologous series are not unique to organic chemistry. Functional group a group of atoms which are responsible for the characteristics and chemical reactions for that homologous series. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. A method consisting of three steps is used to make zinc sulfate from zinc carbonate.
Ch 3 oh ch 3 ch 2 ch 2 ch 2 oh methanol butanol a i give two general characteristics of a homologous series. Learners gain an understanding of the basic principles of chemistry through a mix of theoretical and practical studies. The alkanes, alkenes and cycloalkanes are examples of homologous series. Written by teachers for the cie igcse chemistry course.
A series of organic compounds that have similar structural features but differ from adjacent members by ch 2 group is referred to as homologous series. A formula that states the ratio of atoms of each element in the formula of every compound in a particular homologous series. The chainis the line of carbon atoms joined together. They are named by replacing the final e in the corresponding alkane by ol. For example, methane, ethane, and propane are part of a homologous series. The alkanes are a homologous series of hydrocarbons. A series of compounds having similar structural formulae, same functional group and hence similar chemical properties are called homologous series of compounds. Homologous series cie igcse chemistry revision notes. Lahvanya raoov moved describe the general characteristics of an. Alkanes dont have a functional group and so dont react. The general characteristics of a homologous series are. Two consecutive members of a homologous series differs each. The first four members of the homologous series of alkenes are ethene, propene, butene and pentene.
The members of a series have same functional group. The following is one of the chemistry spm 2009 questions related to homologous series. Homologous series a homologous series is a group of compounds with similar characteristics and the same general formula. The table below shows the first four alcohols in the alcohol homologous series. They are compounds with alkyl radicals with halogen atom or even atoms as their functional group. Each human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes or 46 total. A human karyotype shows the complete set of human chromosomes. Halogenoalkanes are a homologous series in the organic chemistry.
Here are all the chemistry key terms and definitions at revision universe. A homologous series is a group of compounds with similar characteristics and the. This means that they have similar chemical properties to each other and they have trends in physical properties. Chemistry key terms and definitions revision universe. They are compatible for all exam boards including igcse. A homologous series is a group of chemicals which have similar chemical properties and can be represented by a general formula. A homologous series in organic chemistry is a group of organic compounds compounds that contain carbon c atoms that diverge from each other by one methylene ch 2 group. Why many different homologous series of organic compounds and. Natures chemistry homologous series national 5 chemistry. Members of a homologous series have similar physical properties such as. A series of free igcse chemistry activities and experiments cambridge. Why many different homologous series of organic compounds. Each member of homologous series is called homolog. The cambridge igcse chemistry syllabus enables learners to understand the technological world in which they live, and take an informed interest in science and scientific developments.
This means they contain at least one carboncarbon double bond which displaces two hydrogen atoms and thus, alkenes do not have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms per carbon atom. Chemicals in the same homologous series will show a gradual variation in one property eg. Lahvanya raoov moved describe the general characteristics of an homologous series lower. Homologous series homologous series characteristics. State two characteristics of the compounds in a homologous series, other. Titanium, vanadium, and molybdenum oxides all form homologous series e. This video is created by more videos and free notes are available at. The first member is methanol and the fourth is butanol. Extended only describe the general characteristics of a homologous series. A homologous series homos is greek for the same as can be defined as the group of compounds in which the various members have similar structural features and similar chemical properties and the successive members differ in their molecular formula by one methylene ch 2 group characteristics of homologous series. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at uk after the live examination series. Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes and react with bromine water, turning it from orange to colourless the general formula for the homologous series of alkenes is cnh2n alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double carboncarbon bond. The first two members of the homologous series of alcohols are methanol and ethanol. Characteristics of homologous series carbon compound.
In your answer, include two reasons for using coke in the blast furnace. Any two adjacent members of a homologous series differ by a ch2 unit in. A family of similar compounds with similar chemical properties due to the. There are three types of halogenoalkaes, they are primary, secondary and tertiary halogenoalkanes. Homologous series grade 11 science notes reference notes.
A series of free igcse chemistry activities and experiments cambridge igcse chemistry. Based on the table, state and explain five characteristics of a homologous series. Homologous series is defined as a systematic order of organic compounds having same functional group that can be represented by same general formula and prepared by same method. Give two characteristics, other than having the same general formula, of members of an homologous series. Present general information about the definition, characteristics and structure of homologous including additional information not found in the original video lesson include at least 2 facts not. Homologous series are referenced frequently in organic chemistry, where compounds can. During sexual reproduction, one chromosome in each homologous pair is donated from the mother and the other from the father. Homologous series means that the series has the same general formula and the compounds have similar properties and structure, differing only in the number of ch 2 units in the chain. So, if the functional group doesnt change, why are homologous series interesting.
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